Compare Cook Islands (2002) - Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

Compare Cook Islands (2002) z Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

	Cook Islands (2002)	Turks and Caicos Islands (2004)

Administrative divisions	none	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Age structure	0-14 years: NA% 15-64 years: NA% 65 years and over: NA%	0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,301; female 3,184) 15-64 years: 63.8% (male 6,696; female 6,036) 65 years and over: 3.7% (male 327; female 412) (2004 est.)
Agriculture - products	copra, citrus, pineapples, tomatoes, beans, pawpaws, bananas, yams, taro, coffee; pigs, poultry	corn, beans, cassava (tapioca), citrus fruits; fish
Airports	7 (2001)	8 (2003 est.)
Airports - with paved runways	total: 1 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 1 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways	total: 6 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 3 (2002)	total: 2 under 914 m: 2 (2004 est.)
Area	total: 240 sq km land: 240 sq km water: 0 sq km	total: 430 sq km land: 430 sq km water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative	1.3 times the size of Washington, DC	2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Background	Named after Captain Cook, who sighted them in 1770, the islands became a British protectorate in 1888. By 1900, administrative control was transferred to New Zealand; in 1965 residents chose self-government in free association with New Zealand. The emigration of skilled workers to New Zealand and government deficits are continuing problems.	The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands remain a British overseas territory.
Birth rate	NA births/1,000 population	22.85 births/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Budget	revenues: $28 million expenditures: $27 million, including capital expenditures of $3.3 million (FY00/01 est. )	revenues: $47 million expenditures: $33.6 million, including capital expenditures of NA (1997-98 est.)
Capital	Avarua	Grand Turk (Cockburn Town)
Climate	tropical; moderated by trade winds	tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Coastline	120 km	389 km
Constitution	4 August 1965	introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in 1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Country name	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Cook Islands former: Harvey Islands	conventional long form: none conventional short form: Turks and Caicos Islands
Currency	New Zealand dollar (NZD)	US dollar (USD)
Death rate	NA deaths/1,000 population	4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)
Debt - external	$141 million (1996 est.)	NA (2002 est.)
Dependency status	self-governing in free association with New Zealand; Cook Islands is fully responsible for internal affairs; New Zealand retains responsibility for external affairs and defense, in consultation with the Cook Islands	overseas territory of the UK
Diplomatic representation from the US	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Diplomatic representation in the US	none (self-governing in free association with New Zealand)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Disputes - international	none	have received Haitians fleeing economic collapse and civil unrest
Economic aid - recipient	$13.1 million (1995); note - New Zealand continues to furnish the greater part (1995)	$4.1 million (1997)
Economy - overview	Like many other South Pacific island nations, the Cook Islands' economic development is hindered by the isolation of the country from foreign markets, the limited size of domestic markets, lack of natural resources, periodic devastation from natural disasters, and inadequate infrastructure. Agriculture provides the economic base with major exports made up of copra and citrus fruit. Manufacturing activities are limited to fruit processing, clothing, and handicrafts. Trade deficits are offset by remittances from emigrants and by foreign aid, overwhelmingly from New Zealand. In the 1980s and 1990s, the country lived beyond its means, maintaining a bloated public service and accumulating a large foreign debt. Subsequent reforms, including the sale of state assets, the strengthening of economic management, the encouragement of tourism, and a debt restructuring agreement, have rekindled investment and growth.	The Turks and Caicos economy is based on tourism, fishing, and offshore financial services. Most capital goods and food for domestic consumption are imported. The US is the leading source of tourists, accounting for more than half of the 93,000 visitors in the late 1990s. Major sources of government revenue include fees from offshore financial activities and customs receipts. Tourism fell by 6% in 2002.
Electricity - consumption	22.32 million kWh (2000)	4.65 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - exports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - imports	0 kWh (2000)	0 kWh (2001)
Electricity - production	24 million kWh (2000)	5 million kWh (2001)
Electricity - production by source	fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2000)	-
Elevation extremes	lowest point: Pacific Ocean 0 m highest point: Te Manga 652 m	lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Environment - current issues	NA	limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Environment - international agreements	party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Law of the Sea signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements	-
Ethnic groups	Polynesian (full blood) 81.3%, Polynesian and European 7.7%, Polynesian and non-European 7.7%, European 2.4%, other 0.9%	black 90%, mixed, European, or North American 10%
Exchange rates	New Zealand dollars per US dollar - 2.3535 (January 2002), 2.3776 (2001), 2.1863 (2000), 1.8886 (1999), 1.8632 (1998), 1.5083 (1997)	the US dollar is used
Executive branch	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Frederick GOODWIN (since NA); New Zealand High Commissioner Kurt MEYER (since NA), representative of New Zealand head of government: Prime Minister Dr. Robert WOONTON (since 12 February 2002); Deputy Prime Minister Sir Geoffrey HENRY (since 12 February 2002) cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister; collectively responsible to Parliament elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; the UK representative is appointed by the monarch; the New Zealand high commissioner is appointed by the New Zealand Government; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or the leader of the majority coalition usually becomes prime minister	chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1953), represented by Governor Jim POSTON (since 16 December 2002) head of government: Chief Minister Michael Eugene MISICK (since 15 August 2003) cabinet: Executive Council consists of three ex officio members and five appointed by the governor from among the members of the Legislative Council elections: none; the monarch is hereditary; governor appointed by the monarch; following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party is appointed chief minister by the governor
Exports	$9.1 million (2000)	NA (2001)
Exports - commodities	copra, papayas, fresh and canned citrus fruit, coffee; fish; pearls and pearl shells; clothing	lobster, dried and fresh conch, conch shells
Exports - partners	Australia 34%, Japan 27%, New Zealand 25%, US 8% (2000)	US, UK
Fiscal year	1 April - 31 March	calendar year
Flag description	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and a large circle of 15 white five-pointed stars (one for every island) centered in the outer half of the flag	blue, with the flag of the UK in the upper hoist-side quadrant and the colonial shield centered on the outer half of the flag; the shield is yellow and contains a conch shell, lobster, and cactus
GDP	purchasing power parity - $105 million (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $231 million (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector	agriculture: 17% industry: 8% services: 75% (2000 est.)	agriculture: NA industry: NA services: NA (2001 est.)
GDP - per capita	purchasing power parity - $5,000 (2001 est.)	purchasing power parity - $9,600 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate	NA%	4.9% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates	21 14 S, 159 46 W	21 45 N, 71 35 W
Geography - note	the northern Cook Islands are seven low-lying, sparsely populated, coral atolls; the southern Cook Islands consist of eight elevated, fertile, volcanic isles where most of the populace lives	about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
Highways	total: 320 km (1992) paved: NA unpaved: NA	total: 121 km paved: 24 km unpaved: 97 km (2000)
Household income or consumption by percentage share	lowest 10%: NA% highest 10%: NA%	lowest 10%: NA highest 10%: NA
Illicit drugs	-	transshipment point for South American narcotics destined for the US and Europe
Imports	$50.7 million (2000)	NA (2001)
Imports - commodities	foodstuffs, textiles, fuels, timber, capital goods	food and beverages, tobacco, clothing, manufactures, construction materials
Imports - partners	NZ 61%, Fiji 19%, US 9%, Australia 6%, Japan 2% (2000)	US, UK
Independence	none (became self-governing in free association with New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move to full independence by unilateral action)	none (overseas territory of the UK)
Industrial production growth rate	NA%	NA
Industries	fruit processing, tourism, fishing	tourism, offshore financial services
Infant mortality rate	NA deaths/1,000 live births	total: 16.27 deaths/1,000 live births male: 18.79 deaths/1,000 live births female: 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2004 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices)	3.2% (2000 est.)	4% (1995)
International organization participation	ACP, AsDB, ESCAP (associate), FAO, ICAO, ICFTU, IFAD, IFRCS (associate), IOC, OPCW, Sparteca, SPC, SPF, UNESCO, WHO, WMO	Caricom (associate), CDB, Interpol (subbureau), UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs)	3 (2000)	-
Irrigated land	NA sq km	NA sq km
Judicial branch	High Court	Supreme Court
Labor force	8,000 (1996)	4,848 (1990 est.)
Labor force - by occupation	agriculture 29%, industry 15%, services 56% note: shortage of skilled labor (1995)	about 33% in government and 20% in agriculture and fishing; significant numbers in tourism, financial, and other services
Land boundaries	0 km	0 km
Land use	arable land: 17.39% permanent crops: 13.04% other: 69.57% (1998 est.)	arable land: 2.33% permanent crops: 0% other: 97.67% (2001)
Languages	English (official), Maori	English (official)
Legal system	based on New Zealand law and English common law	based on laws of England and Wales, with a few adopted from Jamaica and The Bahamas
Legislative branch	unicameral Parliament (25 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms) elections: last held NA June 1999 (next to be held by NA 2004) election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - CIP 12, DAP 12, NAP 1 note: the House of Ariki (chiefs) advises on traditional matters and maintains considerable influence, but has no legislative powers	unicameral Legislative Council (19 seats of which 13 are popularly elected; members serve four-year terms) elections: last held 24 April 2003 (next to be held in 2007) election results: percent of vote by party - PDM 53.8%, PNP 46.2%; seats by party - PDM 7, PNP 6; note - in by-elections held 7 August 2003, the PNP gained two seats for a majority of 8 seats; PDM now has 5
Life expectancy at birth	total population: NA years male: NA years female: NA years	total population: 74.25 years male: 72.05 years female: 76.57 years (2004 est.)
Literacy	definition: NA total population: 95% male: NA% female: NA%	definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1970 est.)
Location	Oceania, group of islands in the South Pacific Ocean, about one-half of the way from Hawaii to New Zealand	Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Map references	Oceania	Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims	continental shelf: 200 NM or to the edge of the continental margin exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM	territorial sea: 12 nm exclusive fishing zone: 200 nm
Merchant marine	-	none
Military - note	defense is the responsibility of New Zealand, in consultation with the Cook Islands and at its request	defense is the responsibility of the UK
National holiday	Constitution Day, first Monday in August (1965)	Constitution Day, 30 August (1976)
Nationality	noun: Cook Islander(s) adjective: Cook Islander	noun: none adjective: none
Natural hazards	typhoons (November to March)	frequent hurricanes
Natural resources	NEGL	spiny lobster, conch
Net migration rate	-	11.68 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2004 est.)
People - note	-	destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
Political parties and leaders	Cook Islands People's Party or CIP [Geoffrey HENRY]; Democratic Alliance Party or DAP [Terepai MAOATE]; New Alliance Party or NAP [Norman GEORGE]	People's Democratic Movement or PDM [Derek H. TAYLOR]; Progressive National Party or PNP [Michael Eugene MISICK]; United Democratic Party or UDP [Wendal SWANN]
Political pressure groups and leaders	NA	NA
Population	20,811 (July 2002 est.)	19,956 (July 2004 est.)
Population below poverty line	NA%	NA
Population growth rate	NA% (2002 est.)	3.03% (2004 est.)
Ports and harbors	Avarua, Avatiu	Grand Turk, Providenciales
Radio broadcast stations	AM 1, FM 2, shortwave 0 (1998)	AM 2, FM 7, shortwave 0 (2004)
Radios	14,000 (1997)	-
Railways	0 km	-
Religions	Christian (majority of populace are members of the Cook Islands Christian Church)	Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Sex ratio	NA	at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2004 est.)
Suffrage	NA years of age; universal adult	18 years of age; universal
Telephone system	general assessment: NA domestic: the individual islands are connected by a combination of satellite earth stations, microwave systems, and VHF and HF radiotelephone; within the islands, service is provided by small exchanges connected to subscribers by open wire, cable, and fiber-optic cable international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Pacific Ocean)	general assessment: fair cable and radiotelephone services domestic: NA international: country code - 1-649; 2 submarine cables; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use	5,000 (1997)	5,700 (2002)
Telephones - mobile cellular	0 (1994)	1,700 (1999)
Television broadcast stations	2 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997)	0 (broadcasts from The Bahamas are received; 2 cable television networks) (2004)
Terrain	low coral atolls in north; volcanic, hilly islands in south	low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Total fertility rate	NA children born/woman	3.11 children born/woman (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate	13% (1996)	10% (1997 est.)
Waterways	none	-

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